THOMAS ROBERT BUGEAUD
(15 October 1784 – 18 June 1849)
Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Marquis de la Piconnerie, was born in Limoge and died in Paris, France. He was Marshal of France, Duc d'Isly, General and Administrator in Algeria. He also was a French national hero as a result of his role in conquering Algeria.
Bugeaud served in the army of the French emperor Napoleon I until forced into retirement in 1815. Returning to public life after the July Revolution of 1830, he became a deputy.
Sent twice, in 1836 and 1837, to Algeria on special missions, he returned again in 1841 to undertake the pacification of Algeria as governor-general. His celebrated victory at Isly, in 1844, finally broke the power of Abd al-Kader.
Bugeaud attempted to cooperate with the Arabs, to promote military colonization and to encourage French settlers, but the unpopularity of his policies forced his resignation in 1847.
He was named commander of the troops in Paris by Louis Philippe during the February Revolution of 1848.
Bugeaud's writings were numerous, including his "Œuvres militaires" (Military works), many official reports on Algeria about the war there, and some works on economics and political science.
Battle of Isly
The Battle of Isly was fought on August 14, 1844 between France and Morocco, near the Isly River. The French began a war with Morocco which had refused to recognize its conquest of Algeria.
Marshal Bugeaud, tried to complete the French conquest of Algeria, instigated the battle without a declaration of war in order to force negotiations concerning Moroccan support for the Algerian resistance leader Abd el Kader to conclude on terms favourable to the French.
French forces under Marshal Bugeaud routed a much larger, but poorly organized Moroccan force under Mohammed, son of sultan Abderrahmane of Morocco.
The French defeated the Moroccans at the battle of Isly in North Eastern Morocco. The Moroccans were forced to agree to the Treaty of Tangiers that recognized the French sovereignty over Algeria.
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