JOHANN CHRISTOPH FRIEDRICH VON SCHILLER
(10 November 1759 - 9 May 1805)
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller, born in Marbach, Württemberg, was a German poet, philosopher, historian and playwright. During the last seventeen years of his life (1788 – 1805), Schiller struck up a productive, if complicated, friendship with already famous and influential Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
They frequently discussed issues concerning Aesthetics, and Schiller encouraged Goethe to finish works he left as sketches. This relationship and these discussions led to a period now referred to as Weimar Classicism. They also worked together on "Die Xenien", a collection of short satirical poems in which both Schiller and Goethe challenge opponents to their philosophical vision.
In 1766, Schiller and his family moved to Ludwigsburg. There Schiller captivate the attention of Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg. He entered the Karlsschule Stuttgart (an elite military academy founded by the Duke), in 1773, where he eventually studied medicine.
In 1780, he obtained a post as regimental doctor in Stuttgart, a job he disliked.
Following the performance of "The Robbers" in Mannheim, in 1781, Schiller was arrested, sentenced to 14 days of imprisonment, and forbidden by Karl Eugen from publishing any further works.
Schiller fled Stuttgart in 1782, going via Frankfurt, Mannheim, Leipzig, and Dresden to Weimar, where he settled in 1787. In 1789, he was appointed professor of History and Philosophy in Jena, where he wrote only historical works.
He returned to Weimar in 1799. Goethe convinced him to return to playwriting. He and Goethe founded the Weimar Theater, which became the leading theater in Germany. Their collaboration helped lead to a dramatic renaissance in Germany.
Schiller wrote many philosophical papers on ethics and aesthetics. He elaborated Christoph Martin Wieland's concept of the "Schöne Seele" (beautiful soul).
His philosophical work was also particularly concerned with the question of human freedom, a preoccupation which also guided his historical researches, such as the Thirty Years' War and the Dutch Revolt, and then found its way as well into his dramas, "The Wallenstein Trilogy" that concerns the Thirty Years' War and "Don Carlos" that addresses the revolt of the Netherlands against Spain.For his achievements, Schiller was ennobled in 1802 by the Duke of Weimar, adding the nobiliary particle "von" to his name. He remained in Weimar, Saxe-Weimar until his death at de age of 45, from tuberculosis.
The coffin containing Schiller's skeleton is in the "Weimarer Fürstengruft" (Weimar's Ducal Vault), the burial place of Houses of Grand Dukes (großherzogliches Haus) of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach in the Historical Cemetery of Weimar.
Today, Schiller's legacy is purported to be carried on by the Schiller Institute, which is run by the LaRouche movement.
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