ANNE-HILARION DE COSTENTIN DE TOURVILLE
(24 November 1642 – 23 May 1701)
Anne-Hilarion de Costentin (or Cotentin), Count of Tourville, born and died in Paris, France, was a French naval commander who served under King Louis XIV. He was made Marshal of France in 1693.
Entered at the age of four in the Order of Malta, Tourville leads a very young several campaigns against the Turks in the Mediterranean. At age 17, as a Knight of Malta, he fought his first naval battle on a frigate of the Order of Malta. At 25, he joined the French Royal Navy and started an active career, fighting the 1673 campaign of the Franco-Dutch War on the Sans-Pareil, at the Battle of Agosta where he was in command of the Syrene, and later in command of the Sceptre.
He served under Abraham Duquesne during the campaigns of 1676, and became a commander in 1690 during the War of the Grand Alliance. He put his flag on the Soleil-Royal, where it would stay until the battle of La Hougue in 1692. At the Battle of Beachy Head (Victoire de Béveziers), 1690, he defeated an Anglo-Dutch fleet, sinking and capturing 15 enemy ships.
On 29 May 1692, at Barfleur, with only 45 ships, he inflicted heavy losses on an English and Dutch fleet 97 ships strong, but was forced to retreat. He himself suffered heavy losses after the battle when fire ships attacked the French ships of the line immobilised for repairs in Cherbourg.
On 27 June 1693, he defeated a convoy of 59 English ships commanded by George Rooke at Cape St. Vincent near Lagos Bay in Portugal, during the Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
Tourville was made Marshal of France and he retired at the end of the war.
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