FRENCH FLANDERS
"La Flandre Française" (French Flanders) is a part of the historical County of Flanders in France. The region today lies in the modern-day region of Nord-Pas de Calais and roughly corresponds to the arrondissements (administrative divisions) of Lille, Douai and Dunkirk on the Belgian border. Together with French Hainaut it makes up the Nord department.
Once, it was a part of ancient Frankia since the inception of the Frankish kingdom under the Merovingian monarchs such as Clovis, who was crowned at Tournai, Flanders gradually fell under the control of the English and then Spanish. When French power returned under Louis XIV, a part of historically French Flanders was returned.
The region now called French Flanders was originally part of the feudal Count ship of Flanders, then part of the Southern Netherlands, in present-day Belgium. It was separated from the count ship (part of Habsburg's Burgundian inheritance) in 1659 due to the Peace of the Pyrenees, which ended the French-Spanish conflict in the Thirty Years War, and other parts of the region were added in successive treaties in 1668 and 1678. The region was ceded to the Kingdom of France, and became part of the province of Flanders and Hainaut.
During World War II, French Flanders referred to all of Nord-Pas de Calais which was first attached to military administration of German-occupied Belgium, then part of Belgien-Nordfrankreich (Belgium and Northern France) under a Reichskommissar (Commissioner of the Reich), and finally part of a theoretical Reichsgau (administrative subdivision) of Flanders.
Rich in coal, and bordering the North Sea, French Flanders was fought over numerous times between the Middle Ages and World War II.Coat-of-Arms
Coat-of-Arms of Belgian and French Flanders, also commonly used as the emblem of the Northern Department and the Nord-Pas de Calais, and by the French gendarmerie officially as the insignia of the Nord-Pas de Calais.
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